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This article aims to present the way the sociology of firms framework has been constructed and the way it is nowaydays revitalized. It examines the conditions in which the sociology of firms has emerged in France during the 1980s, in particular thanks to a background encouraging research and innovation. Different from the sociology of labor and the sociology of organizations, the sociology of firms has considered firms as institutions. From this point of view, firms are made by the society but are also able to produce society. The sociology of firms is also very interested in how the sociologist can lead an intervention into firms. More than thirty years after its birth, and despite of some eclipses, the sociology of firms is still an uptodate approach. Five decisive factors make possible to initiate its revitalization.