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In recent decades, the number of immigrants has increased sharply in OECD countries (World Migration Report 2020, 2020). The effect of immigration on the employment of native-born workers has been repeatedly assessed (Edo, 2019). The results, although heterogeneous, overall suggest a small negative or non-significant effect. However, most existing studies do not distinguish native workers from second-generation immigrants, which is likely to bias the results. Our paper therefore aims to provide an overview of the theoretical and empirical literature on the impact of first- and second-generation immigrants on native employment, as well as the estimation methods used for this purpose. Special attention is given to recent empirical results for the Belgian labour market.