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The words “green ICTs” (information and communication technologies), “green IT” or “eco-ICTs” have spread in recent years either asserting the ecological potential of digital technologies or, on the contrary, underlining the progress needed in this field. Our paper raises the issue of ICT production and use, showing how they help to steer human societies towards more ecological ways, or on the other hand how they generate pollutions and “rebound effects”, which might more than cancel expected benefits. What stakes are currently involved in these terms ? By crossing the contributions of several disciplines, the paper highlights a trend shared by many stakeholders who believe that the problem can be solved through technical advances and thus can be dropped out of their agendas.