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What forms could a democratic regime take on the scale of the European Union? Beyond all the technocrats and populists talking past each other about the democratization of the EU, a question remains: what is the political legitimacy of the European venture? In contradistinction to the imaginary Rousseauian world that dominates our national democracies, Europe would need instead to be consolidated as a transnational democracy of continental scope, based on the construction of a European society and a common “spirit of law.”