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Whereas in 2004 persons aged 60 and over represented 8% of the total population of Morocco, this proportion is likely to increase by half between now and 2020. In 2050 one Moroccan in 4 will be over 60. Though individual situations differ greatly, the present aged population is characterized, in socio-economic terms, by a feeble coverage of retirement schemes and health insurances. Several indicators emphasize the vulnerability of aged women and of the elderly living in rural areas. Even if family support, though under transformation, continues to exist, demographic ageing and the increasing numbers of aged persons in the future make it essential to start thinking about the evolution of the Moroccan social welfare system.