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Adolescence puts the course of early development back into play and works towards the expansion of the psychic apparatus. At puberty, the adolescent is called to provide themselves and others with a stable narrative (though it may be reworked) of their history and their childhood. The elaboration of puberty entails complex and difficult psychic work, and exposes one to the development of a psychopathology. The needs of evolution significantly trigger anxiety and conflict in the borderline adolescent especially. The conflict is born of traumatic cores from the past which, on the one hand, generate the fear of re-living fragmentation and, on the other, the expectation of the inevitable and continual actualization of the traumatic experience. The analyst thus responds to the adolescent’s difficult process of self-awareness (difficulty in making his/her affective states legible to himself and others) as well as to his perception of not having enough “self” psychic processes (empty and chaotic feeling of self) through a lengthy work of self-analysis. This is the starting point for knowing and transforming the therapeutic relationship, which continuously risks closing up in a confused unity and an endless mirror function.