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Cocaine is the second most abused illicit drug after cannabis in France, which has recently passed into the group of the top five European countries for cocaine consumption. Cocaine is spreading rapidly, resulting in a doubling of the proportion of experimenters in a decade and a strong diversification of user profiles. The number of current users of cocaine is estimated at 450,000, eight times less than for cannabis (3.8 million users per year), but this figure is increasing and relates to an increasingly wide range of age groups, social backgrounds and sectors of activity. This increase in the demand and visibility of cocaine corresponds to a dynamic of significant supply, like the peak of production worldwide in 2017. More available and purer, cocaine is the subject of modalities of multiple traffic and in constant renewal. This article reviews the situation of cocaine and current trends, using all the data produced since the 1990s: government statistical sources (arrests, requests for treatment, etc.), the OFDT’s own information systems (French observatory of drug addiction), etc. The combination of these sources provides an updated synthesis of the cocaine market in France, highlighting the challenges faced by public authorities in the absence of drug treatment for cocaine addiction or substitution.