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In France, the prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome is estimated at 1.6%, with major medical and psychosocial consequences. Its treatment is not standardized, is usually symptomatic, and is responsible for considerable medical wandering, repeated consultations and examinations, reduced quality of life, absenteeism from work, and disability. All of this generates significant direct and indirect medical costs. Long ignored, the vast majority of authors agree that this illness is real and legitimate. But many doctors say they feel helpless. Several recent publications and studies have clarified the causes, epidemiology, and diagnostic elements of this pathology, and have attempted to define a management strategy.