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We study, in three French regions, before the 2016 merger, sectoral public action contracts in the training-employment field. Using a reading grid distinguishing procedural and substantive characteristics, we highlight functional equivalences around three categories, recruitment, training and manpower management. Assuming that these contracts are implied by the new management of training in the regions, we can deduce the existence of new challenges for the industrial relations system, quite different from the existing collective bargaining.