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For new immigrants, as for Jewish people who chose to stay in their country of origin, the state of Israel appears as a possibility of a new filiation, in place of the family or the enlarged group of belonging. Every affiliation is built both in continuity and in opposition to the natural filiation of the subject. Using the concepts of family loyalty and delegation (Stierlin, Boszormenyi-Nagy), and the concept of denegative alliance (Kaës), the author analyzes here some of the phantasies that underlie the process of migration to Israel.