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The Countess of Dufferin’s Fund, or the National Association for Supplying Female Medical Aid to the Women of India, was established in 1885 by Lady Dufferin, vicereine of India. Set up to provide medical knowledge and aid to Indian women by financing the training of female medical personnel and promoting the construction of hospitals for women and children, the Dufferin Fund reveals the ideological and structural links between Great Britain and her jewel colony in the arena of women’s medicine. The English belief that Hindu and Muslim women would not see male physicians became a key argument in promoting opportunities for British women in medical education and employment, in the colonies and at home. Although formally independent, the fund advanced the interests of the British colonial government, which took credit for the fund’s accomplishments and cited modern medicine and improvement in the status of women as benefits of colonial rule.