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Since the generalization of the market economy, economics has sounded the death knell for political economy. In this context, the market was omnipotent and the state had to concentrate its activity on the organization of a sovereign domain, often fluctuating and rather regressing according to private interests. Management science itself gave tools to companies within the framework of an economic system that advocated individual interest as a determining objective for all economic actors. Today, with the COVID-19 pandemic, liberal economists’ analyses are becoming obsolete in the face of the far-reaching economic and social crisis. The economy then reveals its eminently political character. The international, national, and local public sectors are organizing the fight against the crisis of the market economy. The state once again becomes the central actor in the management of the national economy, and it is then led to make political choices that will redesign the economic and social structures of the country, particularly in the face of large multinational firms and the ambitions of other nations. The profoundly political and social character of a globalized economy is highlighted, with this crisis characterized by the violence of relations between states and between citizens.